Japan ignored the warnings presented by the Allies in the Potsdam Declaration and continued to fight. Which of the following conclusions would the Allies have likely made regarding Japan’s stance in the war at this point?

1. The Japanese were determined to fight to the end, even if defeat was inevitable.

2. The Japanese were hoping that Germany and Italy would come to their aid.

3. Other nations in the Pacific were secretly supporting Japan in the war.

4. Japanese commanders were state enemies who secretly wanted to destroy Japan.