Archimedes' principle: Picture yourself in a pool and imagine trying to push a floating ball underwater. Well, Archimedes figured out that when an object is in a fluid (like water), it experiences an upward force called buoyancy. This force is equal to the weight of the fluid that the object displaces. So, if the object is less dense than the fluid, it floats because the buoyant force supports it. But if it's denser, it sinks. Archimedes' principle helps us understand why things float or sink in water!
Bernoulli's principle: Imagine sticking your hand out of the window of a moving car. Have you noticed that when you tilt your hand upward, you feel a lighter pressure on it? Well, that's Bernoulli's principle in action! It tells us that when a fluid (like air or water) moves faster, its pressure decreases. So, when the air above your hand moves faster due to the car's motion, it creates a lower pressure, making your hand feel lighter. This principle helps explain how planes fly, how sprinklers work, and more!
Flow rate equation: Picture a hose with a nozzle. If you partially cover the nozzle with your thumb, the water shoots out faster, right? That's because of the flow rate equation! This equation tells us that when a fluid flows through a pipe or a hose, the product of its velocity and the cross-sectional area of the pipe remains constant. So, when you reduce the area by covering part of the nozzle, the fluid speeds up to keep the flow rate constant. It's like squeezing the hose to make the water come out faster!
Pascal's Principle: Pascal's principle, named after the French mathematician and physicist Blaise Pascal, states that when pressure is applied to a confined fluid, the change in pressure is transmitted equally to all parts of the fluid. In other words, any change in pressure applied to a fluid in an enclosed system is transmitted undiminished to every portion of the fluid and to the walls of the container. This principle forms the basis for various hydraulic systems and is important in understanding the behavior of fluids under pressure.
The statement above aligns with Pascal's principle and therefore option D is correct.
