b.energy harnessed by producers and available energy decreases with each tropic level transferred
Energy flows through the food chain and food web. Plants absorb sunlight with the help of chloroplasts during the process of energy flow in the ecosystem, and a portion of it produce chemical energy in the process of photosynthesis. Matter, unlike energy, is recycled in ecosystems. Plants absorb nutrients through their roots. When primary consumers consume plants, nutrients are transferred to them.
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