Groups not counted as unemployed in the official unemployment statistics are the underemployed and discouraged workers.
A discouraged worker is someone who can work and is qualified for employment but is not already working and has not looked for work in the past four weeks. Discouraged workers typically have given up looking for work because they have discovered no relevant employment possibilities or have not been successful in getting a job after applying.
Discouragement among employees has a wide range and complex root causes. Because they lack the skills to deal with technological change at work, workers occasionally leave the workforce. During the Great Recession, the manufacturing industry let go of senior workers who were unable to operate the modern computer numeric control (CNC) equipment, which was used to cut wood and other hard materials.
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