The initial (t = 0) cash flow for the Ping Kings' Project should account for $300,000 of the expenditure.
For the majority of businesses, research and development is an investment that will pay off over a number of years in terms of revenue, cash flow, and profit; as a result, it should ideally be capitalized as an asset rather than expensed.
Research and development costs are regarded as sunk costs under U.S. GAAP and should not be capitalized.
The major reason businesses aren't allowed to capitalize their R&D expenses is because it's impossible to accurately estimate the charges' potential return on investment. Research and development involves a lot of trial and error.
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