The Supreme Court held the Judiciary act of 1789 unconstitutional because it purported to enlarge the original jurisdiction of the Supreme Court beyond that permitted by the Constitution.
The Judiciary Act of 1789, officially titled "An Act to Establish the Judicial Courts of the United States," was signed into law by President George Washington on September 24, 1789. Article III of the Constitution established a Supreme Court but left to Congress the authority to create lower federal courts as needed.
The Court held that the provision of the Judiciary Act of 1789 enabling Marbury to bring his claim to the Supreme Court was itself unconstitutional since it purported to extend the Court's original jurisdiction beyond that which Article III, Section 2, established.
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