We are able to determine ratios, for example, from a number A to a number B, representing as A:B, and calculating as:
[tex]r_{AB}=\frac{A}{B}[/tex]Now, using this definition, we are able to calculate each of the required, as follows:
A)
[tex]r_{orange\text{ to blue}}=4:6=\frac{4}{6}=\frac{2}{3}\cong0.667[/tex]B)
[tex]r_{red\text{ to total}}=12:24=\frac{12}{24}=\frac{1}{2}=0.5[/tex]C)
[tex]r_{white\text{ to total}}=2:24=\frac{2}{24}=\frac{1}{12}\cong0.083[/tex]