Applying the angle bisector and triangle proportionality theorem, the solutions are:
16. x = 1/2 or x = 4
17. x = 5
18. x = −1 or x = 6.
What is the Angle Bisector Theorem?
The angle bisector theorem states that when a line segment divides one of the angles of a triangle into two halves, it also divides the triangle to form segments that are proportional to each other.
16. 3x/(x - 1) = (x + 4)/(x - 2) [triangle proportionality theorem]
Cross multiply
(x - 1)(x + 4) = 3x(x - 2)
x² + 3x - 4 = 3x² - 6x
x² - 3x² + 3x - 4 + 6x = 0
-2x² + 9x - 4 = 0
Factorize -2x² + 9x - 4
(−2x + 1)(x − 4)
-2x = -1
x = 1/2
or
x = 4
17. (2x + 2)/(x + 3) = (4x - 2)/(2x + 2)
(2x + 2)(2x + 2) = (4x - 2)(x + 3)
4x² + 8x + 4 = 4x² + 10x - 6
Combine like terms
4x² - 4x² + 8x - 10x = -4 - 6
-2x = -10
x = -10/-2
x = 5
18. (2x + 3)/(x + 4) = x/(x - 2) [angle bisector theorem]
Cross multiply
(2x + 3)(x - 2) = x(x + 4)
Expand
2x² - x - 6 = x² + 4x
2x² - x - 6 - x² - 4x = 0
x² - 5x - 6 = 0
Factorize x² - 5x - 6 = 0
(x+1)(x−6) = 0
x = −1 or x = 6
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