The classical Greek sculptor Polykleitos is credited with the derivation of a canon of proportions.
According to Polykleitos, a statue should be made up of easily identifiable components that are all connected by an ideal system of mathematical proportions and balance.
He described it in terms of the Pythagorean ratios for the ideal musical scale: 1:2 (for the octave), 2:3 (for the harmonic fifth), and 3:4. (harmonic fourth). For many decades, the proportions used by sculptors were determined by Polykleitos ideas. Some major works of Polykleitos include the Amazon figure for Ephesus and an enormous statue of Hera built of gold and ivory for an Argos temple.
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