The function of sigma factor in bacteria is replaced by that of general transcription factors in eukaryotes.
General transcription factors along with RNA polymerase form the basal transcription apparatus that binds to promoters in eukaryotes to initiate transcription.
Sigma factor (σ factor or specificity factor) is a protein needed for initiation of transcription in bacteria. It is a bacterial transcription initiation factor that enables specific binding of RNA polymerase (RNAP) to gene promoters. It is homologous to archaeal transcription factor B and to eukaryotic factor TFIIB.
Sigma factor is an accessory protein to RNA polymerase in bacteria that helps the polymerase bind to the promoter region.
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