13. they are not, because the parentese's make it different by applying the order of operations to the two sections, rather than in a long line.
the first one is equal to 1/40 1/4 * 10 = 1/40
second one is equal to 3/8 10 / 40 / 2 *5 = .25 / 2 * 5 = 3/8
14. g + w = 40 since there are both grape and watermelon in the entire jar of 50
15. algebraic because it involves variables and not just numbers dependent on PEMDAS