Answer: Choice D) a statement that shares a writer's viewpoint on an issue
Explanation:
A claim is any statement, whether that statement is true or false. It's from the perspective of the writer. Ideally the author should provide facts and figures to back up their claim. Also, any facts or figures should be properly cited from reputable sources.
Example: An author could claim that "Students who study will likely do better on exams". That's their opinion and that opinion should be backed up by studies that look into the matter more closely.
Side note: The claim itself is not a fact that can stand on its own. It needs to be backed up by other established facts.
