The correct answer is B) the separation of black and white students within a school.
The long-term effect of Brown vs. the Board of Education was the Supreme Court unable to prevent was the separation of black and white students within a school.
The historic Supreme Court decision on May 17, 1954, regrading segregation in public schools, changed -at least in theory- the face of racial segregation in the United States. The Supreme Court decided that racial segregation in public schools was against the constitution.
This decision was highly celebrated by many people, however, the decision was not immediately implemented in small cities or towns in the US.
Furthermore, the separation between blacks and whites inside the premises of schools has always been a major issue since then.