Marketing research refers to:

A. the process of defining a marketing problem and opportunity, systematically collecting and analyzing information, and recommending actions.
B. the use of information technology to find objective solutions to a marketing problem.
C. the process of systematically collecting and analyzing information in order to define a marketing problem.
D. the science of using observable human behavior in order to identify and solve marketing problems.

The correct answer is letter "A": the process of defining a marketing problem and opportunity, systematically collecting and analyzing information, and recommending actions.

Explanation:

Marketing research consists of the coordinated processing, collection, and analysis of data on problems relating to goods and services marketing. Marketing research is a useful tool that companies use that provides valuable data about decision-makers or consumers. Besides, it allows studying consumer behavior and preferences that will end pushing firms to take the course of their operations to activities that match those behaviors and preferences.