A student listens to an editorial response on the TV news in which the speaker charges that a city politician is acting like Macbeth. The student immediately knows by the reference to Macbeth that the city politician is trying to usurp power, according to the speaker. The student is able to make that connection because ​she has had courses in British history. ​of her powers of memorization. ​of her critical thinking skills. ​she is culturally literate.