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Lithium hydroxide, LiOH, is used in spacecraft to recondition the air by absorbing the carbon dioxide exhaled by astronauts. The reaction is 2LiOH(s) + CO2(g) h Li2CO3(s) + H2O(l) What volume of carbon dioxide gas at 21°C and 781 mmHg could be absorbed by 327 g of lithium hydroxide?

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dsdrajlin

Answer:

160 L of CO₂

Explanation:

Let´s consider the following balanced equation.

2LiOH(s) + CO₂(g) ⇄ Li₂CO₃(s) + H₂O(l)

We know the following relations:

  • 2 moles of LiOH can absorb 1 mole of CO₂.
  • The molar mass of LiOH is 24.0 g/mol

Then,

[tex]327gLiOH.\frac{1molLiOH}{24.0gLiOH} .\frac{1molCO_{2}}{2molLiOH} =6.81molCO_{2}[/tex]

We can find the volume of CO₂ using the ideal gas equation.

P.V=n.R.T

where,

P is the pressure

V is the volume

n is the number of moles

R is the ideal gas constant

T is the absolute temperature (21°C + 273.15 = 294K)

[tex]P.V=n.R.T\\V=\frac{n.R.T}{P} =\frac{6.81mol\times 0.08206atm.L/mol.K \times 294K}{781mmHg} .\frac{760mmHg}{1atm} =160L[/tex]

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