Crowding out occurs when A. increases in taxes cause interest rates to​ rise, reducing investment and consumption. B. increases in investment and consumption cause interest rates to​ rise, reducing the ability of the government to borrow funds. C. decreases in government spending cause interest rates to​ rise, reducing investment and consumption. D. increases in government spending cause interest rates to​ fall, reducing investment and consumption. E. increases in government spending cause interest rates to​ rise, reducing investment and consumption.