The correct answer is A. Modernization theory
Explanation:
In sociology, there are different theories that aim at explaining the structure of society and the way they evolve over time. In the case of the modernization theory, this theory supports the idea even low-income nations can evolve and become high-income modern nations if there is industrialization along with more technology, but also if people change their values towards work which means people would support the development and modernization of their nations. Additionally, this theory differs from dependency theories as in dependency theories low-income nations do not normally develop as they depend on high-income nations and do not have the resourced to grow.
Considering this, if a sociologist supports the idea that nations evolve toward more advanced technology and industry if their citizens learn values that celebrate har work and success, she is using Modernization Theory because it is in this theory that modernization and development is possible for low-income nations through two main factors that are industry and values that support work.
