Prove that the three parts of the quadratic reciprocity theorem (Theo- rem 3.62) are equivalent to the following three concise formulas, where p and q are odd primes:
a. (-1/p)=(-1)ᵖ⁻¹/²
b. (2/p)=(-1)ᵖ⁻¹/⁸
c. (p/q(q/p)=(-1)ᵖ⁻¹/²ᵠ⁻¹/²