he per-person gdp figures tend to the income levels of less-developed countries (ldcs) relative to rich countries . why is this the case? ldcs are characterized by a higher share of industrial production in total output than developed countries developed countries are characterized by the same share of household production in total output as ldcs. developed countries are characterized by a larger share of household production in total output than ldcs. ldcs are characterized by a larger share of household production in total output than developed countries.